Goel, A., Bhatta, S. & Stroulia, E. (1997) Kritik: An Early Case-Based Design System. In Maher, M. and Pu, P. (Eds.)Issues and Applications of Case-Based Reasoning in Design, Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum, pages 87--132.

@InBook{,
  ALTauthor = 	 {Ashok Goel, Sambasiva Bhatta, and Eleni Stroulia},
  ALTeditor = 	 {M. Maher and P. Pu},
  title = 	 {Issues and Applications of Case-Based Reasoning in Design},
  chapter = 	 {Kritik: An Early Case-Based Design System},
  publisher = 	 {Erlbaum},
  year = 	 {1997},
  OPTaddress = 	 {Mahwah, NJ},
  OPTpages = 	 {87--132},
}

Author of the summary: Jim Davies, 2002, jim@jimdavies.org

Cite this paper for:

• Variant design vs. Adaptive design [2]
• SYSTEM: Kritik
• SYSTEM: Kritik2
• Combining of CBR and MBR (combining of cased-based reasoning and model-based reasoning)
• SBF provides a vocabulary for indexing design cases [4]
• SBF allows for the learning of new indices for better future indexing.
• Cases are indexed by function
• Structural relations: part-of, containment (of a substance), inclusion (of a component), connection (seriel (output of one becomes input of the other and parallel (share input and output))
• types of differences [30]
• transformations

Adaptive design: new designs differ in the elements they have

The early Kritik experiment "showed that CBR provides a good process account of the variant and adaptive aspects of preliminary design." A key insight was the combination of model-based comprehension and case-based reasoning (CBR).[3]

Kritik's domain: Simple electric circuits and heat exchangers
Kritik2's domain: that and electomagnetic devices and circuits with amplifiers.[4]

Kritik2's innovations over Kritik: enlarged domain, hierarchical memory.

SBF provides a vocabulary for indexing design cases [4]. In Kritik2 cases are indexed by function (because problems are specified in terms of function [22]). SBF allows for the learning of new indices for better future indexing.

Structure: components and substances and their interactions.[5]
Function: input and output behavioral states, pointer to behaviors that achieve these changes.

Slots in an SBF schema can be filled with an element from the set of primitive entities, another schema or list of schemas.[12]

Structural relations: part-of, containment (of a substance), inclusion (of a component), connection (seriel (output of one becomes input of the other and parallel (share input and output))[12]

Behavioral state slots:

• previous (state)
• next (state)
• enabled-by (preceding state-transition)
• enabling (succeeding state-transition)
  And then one of the following:
  • substance-state-schema:
    • location
    • main-substance
      • is-a (pointer to it's type)
    • contained-substances: (optional, their description at this state)
  • component-state-schema:
    • component
      • is-a
    • mode (mode of the component's operation at this state e.g. closed switch)

• makes (output behavioral state)
• given (optional. input behavioral state)
• by (causal behavioral state sequence)
• stimulus (optional. trigger for process)
• provided (optional. external conditions necessary)

State transitions get you from one behavioral state to another: [16]

• previous-state
• next-state
• by-behavior (optional. pointer to a more detailed behavior)
• using-function (optional. list of Components and their functions.)
• as-per-domain-principle (optional. e.g. physics laws)
• parameter-relations (optional. describes changes in parameter values.)
• condition (optional. necessary conditions)

Components are black-boxed: [19]

• is-a
• structural-relations (between itself and other components)
• parameters (slots and values)
• modes (modes of operation)
• functions (list of functions)
• connecting-points (places where other components can connect)

Adaptation and evaulation: "diagnoses" and "repairs" the retrieved case.[9] The device is adapted and then qualitatively simulated to see if it gets the desired effect. Then it's stored.

Difference types: [30]

• substance
• substance-property-value
• substance-location
• component
• component-modality
• component-parameter

• substance substitution (generalization and specification)
• component modification (replacement, modality change, component-modality change, component-parameter adjustment)
• relation modification (series-to-parallel and parallel-to-series)
• substructure deletion (e.g. component deletion)
• substructure insertion (e.g. substructure replication)

Summary author's notes:

• page numbers are from my personal printout